Nain Nómez
University of Santiago nnomez@usach.cl
Keywords: Winette of Rokha, Chilean literature, poetry, presentation editing.
Key words: Winette of Rokha, chilean literature, poetry, book presentation.
I begin by noting the good impression that I have produced the publication of this critical edition of the complete poetic works of Rokha Winette. More than welcome, I find admirable. From the grandeur of the appearance of the book in that format a bit excessive rokhiano with those huge block letters, to the number of pages (626), thick paper, bright (maybe too thick), the integration of contemporary critical studies and current, the overflow of poetic texts, notes, poems by Pablo de Rokha, letters, postcards and profuse imagery, all of which reminds us of the specific and definite objectivity of the poet's own books and her husband. This is a valuable work in many ways, but here I just want to highlight two: 1. The rescue of a poet, one or another, forgotten, repressed, invisible, disappeared from the national literary tradition and, needless to say, the American. This might, you can tell from many writers, as the pantheon of sacred heritage is always a select few or the best lobbyists, but I think in the case of Luisa Winette, the bailout is important more than symbolic, because the circumstances surrounding his life and work. Figure epigonal her husband Paul of Rokha in the field of Chilean and Latin American avant overshadowed his figure not only for his own monumental work, but also because the name was always associated Winette to the poet, it would have to add the fact that while Paul Winette supported, this support was always a patriarchal bias (or at least the articulation of the child, the muse and the poet was always ambiguous.) Other reasons were probably the misogyny prevalent in the cultural area of \u200b\u200bChile, the disruption of the winettniana writing about the feminine literary tradition, with the exception of Mistral and the fact that the national literary field was dominated by media criticism and led by men. 2. The importance of this rescue is made with all available artillery. That is, I believe it is essential that the literary field is clogged, injunction, censored, with the presence of this artifact production that fills one of the many gaps in a system, like many others, is to all, and almost objective. The production of this book provides not only the complete works of a major poet cinematic movement in our culture, but critics bombing accompanying his darts match in the messianic Chilean literary system again shows its cracks. The text thus creates its own rolling motion between the transmitting and receiving a multiplicity of assumptions, questions and answers that should continue to be addressed by a real audience whenever possible.
Entering the private space of the device and composition book, I think this is a critical anthology and not many books that use disguised. In his careful mosaic is a totalizing decisive intervention, but not complete. In this regard, several points remain open drain in the poems and critical interventions aimed at continuing a dialogue surrounded by questions not only about the poet, but also the literary system that deleted from their files. Leaving aside some minor details not like the cover, photo header, acknowledgments, a dedication to Julius Tagle, member and family friend, the presentation of the flaps and the back, the core of this critical edition is for a foreword by the editor, Javier Bello, the complete production of Luisa Juana Ines Winette, 13 critical historical references heterogeneity, six current critical studies, four poems by Pablo de Rokha dedicated to the poet, some unpublished letters and an interesting iconography.
Javier Bello's prologue set in the first place Winette's work in the context of Chilean poetry and critical reception. Notes the lack of dissemination of its production from the publication of the anthology , 1953 published by Paul and diversion Rokha biographical exigua has had its critics. It should be noted that in addition to the anthologies mentioned by the editor, there is an anthology of poetry Latin American art (1916-1935) Mihai Grunfeld, published by Hyperion in Spain, where 55 authors are selected and of these only 3 women being one of Rokha Winette and the other two: Norah Lange and Magda Portal. Winette appears with 8 poems, including a fragment of The valley loses its atmosphere. Bello approaches the figure and the production of Winette articulating their approach against tradition literary allusions to the contributions of substantial criticism and critics involved in the anthology. A description of the structure of the publishing and the reasons for the inclusion of each text. Analytical work or demystify the critical models of the earlier tradition that served to analyze the work of Winette, including Paul himself Rokha, whose paternalism was evident, but also contradictory. In my view, the bard's poetic intuition often allows you to go beyond the vision of Winette like a flower, goddess, muse, mother and child, to make it a poet that resembles Sappho of Lesbos, Teresa, Juana Inés, Delmira, Emily Bronte as outlined in Fire black. Javier Bello makes the journey of the texts in parallel to the path of Luis-Carlos versus Winette-Paul in a mirage, which recognizes the mythical symbol of the couple that wants to be in the covenant poetic. But also draws attention to another search, which starts from sleep Forms and away from the representation that makes the criticism of his body, so filled with itself from the sheer existential void. In this sense, includes contributions reviews that appear in the volume, Monteleone, Falabella, Ortega, Valdes, Mateo del Pino, among others, and others to record their various contributions from an analytical currently is committed to women's writing. The prologue is intended to show how the poet's path towards self-recognition goes through certain rituals: love, emptiness, death, the dawn, all elements that can mutate and become a renaissance marked by linguistic experimentation. True prophetic overflow makes the subject in its own respect, now no longer subordinate, spouse, flower or grieving mother, to become in the course of his own writing and assume a place similar to that of her husband Paul of Rokha.
We will not mostly in the 13 texts of traditional criticism, not only for reasons of time, but also because it largely repeated, with some exceptions, a variety of stereotypes about the poet and his production, and analyzed by current critics of the book. Winette as mother, wife and artist charming, beautiful girl, popular artist and epic, exceptional woman, queen, good, mystic, poet of the people, feminine, tender and revolutionary are the epithets repeated ad nauseam in these critical sketches of the past.
conclude this brief presentation with a brief review of the contributions of the critical updates to the book from new theoretical perspectives, with particular emphasis on the cultural historical context, critical reception, family and marital relations, the discursive transformation of the poet, the subversion of the name and the pseudonym, the construction of subjectivities, identities, representations of the countryside and the city and the development of new imaginary among others.
Soledad Falabella emphasizes the pseudonym as a strategy and its relationship to gender, power and legitimacy. In his approach relieves the name change goes to Luisa Anabalón Sanderson pseudonym Juana Inés de la Cruz in What I said silence as a negotiation with the statutory rules, and later the nickname of Rokha Winette with Cantoral to make a radical break with his past life. This latest book present a double threshold of transformation: the emergence of Winette and from the poem "1936", the creation of a new self that focuses on the collective heart of the masses. For its part, Puerto Rican Juan Gelpi critical works on the relationship between Winette of Rokha and Alfonsina Storni, paying particular attention to metrics such as border and complex phenomenon, which would be an element that characterizes women's avant-garde poetry. His work will also stop in Cantoral, the poems of 1936, to call attention to the break with the rural world is found and the beginning of a representation of the mass urban view in a positive way. Mateo del Pino Angeles stops in detail in the cultural historical context that exists in the early twentieth century in Chile and Latin America, to draw a mosaic of the situation of women within and outside the sphere of culture, and link it to writing of Winette of Rokha and their fellow travelers. In that same impulse provides an overview of contemporary critics and later, and then relieve the main topics, stereotypes and myths that shaped the reception of the various books of the poet. Mateo del Pino also stops on a meticulous analysis of different masks and strategies nominative poet, identity movements (Juana Ines Winette, Luisa, Ivette, Federico, Marcel) seeking self invisible to relieve a self biographical literature there may be more freely.
The Argentine Jorge Monteleone critical stops in the analysis of the imaginary construction of the subject wittnetiana poetry. His approach reviews the various instances of your journey, comparing texts pseudonyms, as well as the transformations of the subjects that shape it. From Juana Inés de Cross, his first step as authorial figure, when the subject is duplicated in a monodiálogo herself, following in the footsteps of the monk of hacker crime figure, through the I-Thou relationship that develops as Winette of Rokha and filling the appearance Paul's Rokha loving dialogue as otherness, to complete what the critic calls "the vacuum diagram of a future poetry." In this scheme, the emptying seems stuck on the body and as you look like. In the opinion of the author, the poet finds two ways to multiply the subject, the first of the brotherhood solidarity of the socialist utopia and the second, the way forms of sleep, which is another way of apprehending itself. The position of the subject at this time will get free of the body to anchor the named signs that the fragment and multiply in a host of analog images themselves of sleep, where the body lacks the presence or has disintegrated. That is why, finally, if the body is the metaphor of self, the word becomes a correlate of subjectivity, a breakup and an outbreak of the sign-word is thrown open to the ecstasy of it.
The last two volume critical are those of Eliana Ortega, which mainly refer to the poem "James City" Cantoral, and Adriana Valdes, who analyzes two critical reviews written in different times and sets its own vision of the poet. Ortega reviews the profusion of matter-symbol city Winette production, the enthusiasm of their vision paravanguardista by the new modalities of the urban world and its relations with the process of modernity, voyeurism complicit in his eyes that appropriates the city area in terms of memory and also future and the possibility that the description external world is finally represented an opportunity to talk with your own text, writing, and space. For its part, Adriana Valdés analyzes two critical texts, that of Manuel Magallanes Moure published in 1915 and John Luigi, 1951, to show rather than the fallacy of their praise, but the mark of the contexts and the influence of public areas period. Magallanes Moure While celebrating the "naive" and "moral courage" of the poet, as well as sensitivity, emotion, physical beauty and fragility, rules of conduct necessary for a woman to write, Juan de Luigi stops at Paul's influence of Rokha, feats Winette female and their loyalty to the popular cause. Valdés concludes his presentation with a foreshortening of the erasure exercises on the marital yoke Winette work and the need to explore other lines of work such as the camouflage of the writings of both poets, political writing, eros female looms since its inception and representations of motherhood.
finish this brief account of the work presented here, the importance of collecting, as I indicated at the beginning to the study of literature and our culture in general, giving our collective sense to have. Is a research and outreach effort conducted with rigor, with an open mind and a careful and respectful rescue one of our fundamental poets. Remain to study other aspects of the work witnettiana as is logical and obvious, including venture into aesthetic and critical work of the poet to link or separate production Rokha Paul criticism. In this regard, and within their specific critical view, is the manuscript letter published in Sum and destination, directed Polish writer Witold Gombrowicz, one of the great storytellers of the twentieth century, which points out their doctrinal differences with the author's aesthetic and Europe as well as a series of articles published in the journal Crowd, in newspapers and other magazines.
I wish to book a trip fruitful and controversial, to, within and among its readers.
NOTES
1 Presentation of the critical edition the poetic work of Rokha Winette (Foreword, notes collection and Javier Bello) read in Lastarria Observatory, Santiago, Chile, on August 7, 2008.